<ici-import noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/ic-import.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <journal issn="1017-6616" />
  <issue number="2" volume="37" year="2021" publicationDate="2021-06-05" numberOfArticles="16">
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Geçici iskemik inmeyi taklit eden nadir bir baş ağrısı nedeni olarak HaNDL Sendromu: Olgu Sunumu</title>
        <abstract>HaNDL sendromu, migren benzeri orta şiddette veya &amp;ccedil;ok şiddetli baş ağrısı epizodları ile beraber ge&amp;ccedil;ici n&amp;ouml;rolojik defisitin g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;ld&amp;uuml;ğ&amp;uuml;, beyin omurilik sıvısında (BOS) lenfositoz saptanan inme ve auralı migreni taklit edebilen, nadir bir sendromdur. Bu yazıda, baş ağrısı ile beraber ge&amp;ccedil;ici n&amp;ouml;rolojik defisiti&amp;nbsp; ve BOS&amp;rsquo;ta lenfositozu olan HaNDL sendromu tanısı konulan 26 yaşında erkek hasta sunulmaktadır.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>172</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>175</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01498</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>baş ağrısı</keyword>
          <keyword>bos’ta lenfositoz</keyword>
          <keyword>geçici nörolojik defisit</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>HaNDL syndrome as a rare cause of headache mimicking transient ischemic stroke:                                                                          Case Report</title>
        <abstract>HaNDL syndrome is a rare syndrome mimicking migraine and stroke with lymphocytosis in the CSF, migraine-like moderate or severe headaches and transient neurological deficit. In this article, we present a 26-year-old male patient with headache, transient neurological deficit and CSF lymphocytosis who was diagnosed as HaNDL Syndrome.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>172</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>175</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01498</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>csf lymphocytosis</keyword>
          <keyword>headache</keyword>
          <keyword>transient neurological deficit</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>MURAT</name>
          <surname>GÜLTEKİN</surname>
          <email>gultekin@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>MEHMET</name>
          <surname>YETKİN</surname>
          <email>mfyetkin@gmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>RECEP</name>
          <surname>BAYDEMİR</surname>
          <email>rbaydemir@gmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>FÜSUN</name>
          <surname>ERDOĞAN</surname>
          <email>fferdaerdogan@gmail.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>AYŞE ÇAĞLAR</name>
          <surname>SARILAR</surname>
          <email>acaglarsarikaya@gmail.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0001-7818-1209</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Fizyoterapide Deney Hayvanlarının Kullanımı</title>
        <abstract>Hastalığın canlı (insan ya da hayvan) bireyde doğal seyrini g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;p, buna y&amp;ouml;nelik tedavinin geliştirilmesi a&amp;ccedil;ısından bilimsel deneylere gereksinim vardır. Bilimde ve sağlıkta ilerleme amacıyla insanoğlu y&amp;uuml;zyıllardır insan benzeri organizmalar &amp;uuml;zerinde &amp;ccedil;alışmalar yapmakta ve hayvanları deneylerde kullanmaktadır. Ana felsefesi, klinik ve deneysel araştırmalarla elde edilen deneyimlerin ışığı altında her hastaya uygun tedavi y&amp;ouml;ntemin bir ekip &amp;ccedil;alışması &amp;ccedil;er&amp;ccedil;evesinde programlanması ve uygulanması olan fizyoterapi alanında, hayvan deneylerine y&amp;ouml;nelik araştırmaların sonu&amp;ccedil;larının etkin olarak değerlendirilebilmesi i&amp;ccedil;in araştırmacıların &amp;ccedil;alışmanın tasarım, y&amp;ouml;ntem, analiz ve yorumu hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları gerekir. Bu yazının amacı fizyoterapi alanında kullanılan deneysel hayvan &amp;ccedil;alışmalarının temel ilkelerinden ve uygun deney modeli se&amp;ccedil;imi konusunda dikkat edilmesi gereken noktaları genel hatlarıyla tanıtmaktır.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>180</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>185</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01497</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>fizyoterapi</keyword>
          <keyword>rehabilitasyon</keyword>
          <keyword>deney hayvanları</keyword>
          <keyword>hayvan modelleri.</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Use of Experimental Animals in Physiotherapy</title>
        <abstract>Scientific experiments are needed to see the natural course of the disease in living (human or animal) individuals and to develop treatment for this. For centuries, human beings have been studying human-like organisms and have been using an animal experiments in order to advance in science and health. Researchers who work in in the field of physiotherapy that is the main philosophy of which is to plan and apply the appropriate program by the teamwork into each patient under the clinical and experimental knowledge, must have knowledge of the design, methodology, analysis and interpretation of the study in order to be able to effectively evaluate the results of research on animal experiments. This paper aims to introduce the basic principles of experimental animal studies used in the field of physiotherapy and to give the necessary information to choose the appropriate experimental model.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>180</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>185</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01497</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>physiotherapy</keyword>
          <keyword>rehabilitation</keyword>
          <keyword>experimental animals</keyword>
          <keyword>animal models.</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>ZELİHA</name>
          <surname>BAŞKURT</surname>
          <email>zelihabaskurt@sdu.edu.tr</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>NADİR</name>
          <surname>ÖZCAN</surname>
          <email>nadirozcan@sdu.edu.tr</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Klavuzlar Işığında Anafilaksi</title>
        <abstract>Anafilaksi, mast h&amp;uuml;cre mediyat&amp;ouml;rlerinin sistemik dolaşıma aniden salınmasına bağlı gelişen, yaşamı tehdit edebilen multisistemik bir hastalıktır. &amp;Ccedil;oğunlukla gıdalarla, ila&amp;ccedil;larla ve b&amp;ouml;cek sokmalarına karşı immunoglobulin E (IgE) aracılı reaksiyonlardan kaynaklanır ancak mast h&amp;uuml;crelerinin degran&amp;uuml;lasyonuna neden olan bir ajanda neden olabilir. Eşlik eden ağır ve kontrols&amp;uuml;z astım, mastositozis, kardiyovask&amp;uuml;ler hastalıklar, bazal serum triptaz y&amp;uuml;ksekliği, beta bloker veya ACE inhibit&amp;ouml;r kullanımı, egzersiz, akut enfeksiyonlar ve duygusal stres anafilaksi riskini artıran nedenlerden birka&amp;ccedil;ıdır. Anafilaksi sırasında kalp ve solunum durması dakikalar i&amp;ccedil;inde gelişebileceği i&amp;ccedil;in tanı konulduktan hemen sonra hızla tedavi edilmelidir. Tedavide verilmesi gereken en &amp;ouml;nemli ve ilk ila&amp;ccedil; adrenalindir. Bu derlemede anafilaksinin tanı ve tedavisi g&amp;uuml;ncel literat&amp;uuml;re g&amp;ouml;re &amp;ouml;zetlenmiştir.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>186</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>192</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01502</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>anafilaksi</keyword>
          <keyword>adrenalin</keyword>
          <keyword>patofizyoloji</keyword>
          <keyword>ayırıcı tanı</keyword>
          <keyword>glukagon</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>In The Light of the Guidelines: Anaphylaxis</title>
        <abstract>Anaphylaxis is a multi-systemic disease, which develops associated with the sudden expression of mast cell mediators into the systemic circulation, and can be life-threatening. The majority of cases are reactions to food, drugs, or insect stings, mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE), and may cause a process resulting in degranulation of mast cells. Severe asthma, mastocytosis, cardiovascular disease, elevated basal serum triptase, the use of beta blockers or ACE inhibitors, exercise, acute infections and emotional stress are some of the reasons increasing the risk of anaphylaxis. As cardiac functions and respiration can halt within minutes during an anaphylaxis attack, treatment must be applied rapidly immediately after diagnosis. Adrenalin is the first and most important drug which should be given in treatment. In this review, the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis are summarised in the light of current literature.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>186</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>192</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01502</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>anaphylaxis</keyword>
          <keyword>adrenaline</keyword>
          <keyword>pathophysiology</keyword>
          <keyword>differential diagnosis</keyword>
          <keyword>glucagon</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>ŞEVKET</name>
          <surname>ARSLAN</surname>
          <email>arslansevket@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>RECEP</name>
          <surname>EVCEN</surname>
          <email>r_evcen@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0002-6124-5816</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>KLİNİĞİMİZDE 10 YILLIK ENDOMETRİUM KANSER YÖNETİMİ</title>
        <abstract>&amp;Ouml;ZET 

&amp;nbsp;

Ama&amp;ccedil;: Endometriyum kanseri kadın genital sisteminin en sık malignitesi olup, kadınlarda g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;len kanserler arasında d&amp;ouml;rd&amp;uuml;nc&amp;uuml; sırada yer almaktadır. Amacımız jinekolojik onkoloji kliniğimizdeki endometriyum kanserli olgularının cerrahi tedavi ve sonu&amp;ccedil;larını paylaşmaktır.

&amp;nbsp;

Gere&amp;ccedil; ve Y&amp;ouml;ntemler: Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada 2009-2019 yılları arasında kliniğimizde endometrium kanseri tanısı alıp aynı cerrahi ekip tarafından opere edilen 164 hastanın dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelenip, hastaların klinik, cerrahi ve his&amp;shy;topatolojik &amp;ouml;zellikleri ile ilgili sonu&amp;ccedil;lar paylaşılmıştır. Patoloji sonucu sarkom gelen 4 hasta, tamamlayıcı cerrahi yapılan 7 hasta, ikinci bir primer t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml; olan 1 hasta &amp;ccedil;alışmaya dahil edilmemiştir. 

&amp;nbsp;

Bulgular: &amp;Ccedil;alışmamıza d&amp;acirc;hil edilen hastaların ortalama yaşı 61,3 ortalama v&amp;uuml;cut kitle indeksleri 25.8 idi.&amp;nbsp; Hastaların postoperatif patoloji sonu&amp;ccedil;larına g&amp;ouml;re; ortalama t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;r b&amp;uuml;y&amp;uuml;kl&amp;uuml;ğ&amp;uuml; 3,4 cm, toplanan ortalama lenf nodu sayısı 28,8 idi. 19 hastada lenf nodu metastazı izlendi ve metastazların hepsi pelvik lenf nodlarında idi. Hastaların % 81&amp;rsquo;inde endometrioid tip adenokarsinom olduğu g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;ld&amp;uuml;. 81 hastada (%49,4) myometrial invazyon &amp;gt; % 50 idi. 20 hastada (%12.2) servikal tutulum, 11 hastada (%6,7) adneksiyal tutulum, 28 hastada (%17,1) lenfovaskuler alan invazyonu mevcuttu. 76 hasta (%46,3) grade 1, 61 hasta (%37.2) grade 2, 19 hasta (%11,6) grade 3&amp;rsquo; idi. Hastaların 2009 FIGO sistemine g&amp;ouml;re evlemesi yapıldığında 70 hasta (%42,7) evre 1A, 58 hasta (%35,4) evre 1B, 12 hasta (%7,3) evre 2, 3 hasta (%1,8) evre 3A, 17 hasta (%10,4) evre 3C1, 4 hasta (%2,4) evre 4 idi. 

&amp;nbsp;

Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Endometrium kanseri en sık g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;len jinekolojik kanser olup, erken d&amp;ouml;nemde bulgu vermesi sonucu genellikle erken evrede yakalanmaktadır. Hastalığın riskini değerlendirmede t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;r boyutu, miyometrial invazyon derinliği, histopatolojik grade kullanılmaktadır ancak &amp;ouml;zellikle y&amp;uuml;ksek evre hasta sayının daha fazla olduğu &amp;ccedil;alışmalar, risk belirlemede daha faydalı olacaktır.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>166</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>171</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01375</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>endometriyum kanseri; lenf nodu diseksiyonu; cerrahi evre</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>10-YEAR ENDOMETRIUM CANCER MANAGEMENT IN OUR CLINIC</title>
        <abstract>ABSTRACT

Objective: Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract and the fourth leading cancer among women. Our aim is to share the surgical treatment and results of endometrial cancer cases in our gynecological oncology clinic.

Material and Methods: In this study, the records of 164 endometrial cancer patients operated by the same surgical team between 2009-2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical, surgical and histopathological features of the patients are presented here. Four patients who had sarcoma as a result of pathology, 7 patients who underwent complementary surgery and 1 patient with a second primary tumor were not included in the study.

&amp;nbsp;

Results: The mean age of the patients included in our study was 61.3 and the mean body mass index was 25.8. According to the postoperative pathology results; mean tumor size was 3.4 cm and mean number of collected lymph nodes was 28.8. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 19 patients and all of the metastases were in pelvic lymph nodes. Endometrioid type adenocarcinoma was seen in 81% of the patients. Myometrial invasion &amp;gt; 50% in 81 patients (49.4%). Twenty patients (12.2%) had cervical involvement, 11 patients (6.7%) had adnexal involvement and 28 patients (17.1%) had lymphovascular area invasion. 76 patients (46.3%) were grade 1, 61 patients (37.2%) were grade 2, 19 patients (11.6%) were grade 3. When the patients were staging according to the FIGO system in 2009, 70 (42.7%) stage 1A, 58 (35.4%) stage 1B, 12 (7.3%) stage 2, 3 (1.8%) stage 3A 17 patients (10.4%) were stage 3C1 and 4 patients (2.4%) were stage 4.

Conclusion: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer, and it is usually diagnosed at an early stage as a result of early signs. Tumor size, depth of myometrial invasion and histopathologic grade are used to evaluate the risk of the disease, but studies with a higher number of high stage patients will be more useful in determining the risk.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>166</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>171</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01375</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>endometrial cancer; lymph node dissection; surgical stage</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>ALİ</name>
          <surname>ACAR</surname>
          <email>mdaliacar@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>EMİNE</name>
          <surname>DEMİR</surname>
          <email>eturen1@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Prostat Kanserlerinde Sentromer H Protein (Cenp-H) Ekspresyonunun Değerlendirilmesi</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada amacımız, prostat kanserinde (PCa) sentromer H protein (CENPH) gen ekspresyon d&amp;uuml;zeylerinin değişip değişmediğini belirlemektir.
Gere&amp;ccedil;ler ve Y&amp;ouml;ntem: &amp;Ccedil;alışmada 40 primer prostat kanserli hastanın prostat doku &amp;ouml;rneği kullanıldı. Bu nedenle, prostat kanseri teşhisi konmuş hastalardan &amp;ccedil;ıkarılan toplam parafine g&amp;ouml;m&amp;uuml;l&amp;uuml; prostat dokularında CENPH geninin transkripsiyonel analizi ger&amp;ccedil;ekleştirildi. Ekspresyon analizleri, aynı hastanın prostat dokusundaki t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;ral ve t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;ral olmayan alanlardaki ekspresyonların karşılaştırılmasından elde edildi.&amp;nbsp;
Ayrı RNA izolasyonu yapıldı. Sonraki qRT-PZR analizleri &amp;uuml;&amp;ccedil; kez tekrarlandı ve elde edilen veriler &amp;uuml;zerinde Ct değerlerinin kalite kontrolleri yapıldı. Housekeeping geni GAPDH ve hedef gen CENPH &amp;#39; ın Ct değerleri doku (t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;r ve normal) ve teknik tekrar gruplarında karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Prostat kanserinde t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;r ve normal doku &amp;ouml;rnekleri arasında CENPH ekspresyonunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Ayrıca &amp;ouml;l&amp;uuml;m nedenleri araştırılırken hastaların hi&amp;ccedil;birinde PCa&amp;#39; ya bağlı &amp;ouml;l&amp;uuml;m saptanmadı.
Sonu&amp;ccedil;: &amp;Ccedil;alışmamızda, CENPH gen ekspresyon anomalilerinde prostat kanseri t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;rogenezi ile herhangi bir ilişki bulamadık. Bununla birlikte, y&amp;uuml;ksek CENPH gen ekspresyonuna sahip bazı kanserler (k&amp;uuml;&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;k h&amp;uuml;creli olmayan akciğer kanseri, kolon kanseri vb.), t&amp;uuml;m&amp;ouml;r invazyonu, k&amp;ouml;t&amp;uuml; prognoz ve ila&amp;ccedil; direnci ile ilişkilidir. CENPH gen ekspresyonu ve prostat kanseri &amp;uuml;zerindeki etkisi hakkında daha fazla &amp;ccedil;alışmaya ihtiya&amp;ccedil; vardır.
&amp;nbsp;</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>151</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>157</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01507</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>prostat kanseri</keyword>
          <keyword>sentromer h protein</keyword>
          <keyword>kinetochore protein</keyword>
          <keyword>sentromer kinetochore</keyword>
          <keyword>sentromer proteini</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Evaluation of Centromer H Protein (Cenph) Gene Expression in Prostate Cancers</title>
        <abstract>Aim: In the present study, the aim is to determine whether centromere protein H (CENPH) gene expression levels change in prostate carcinoma (PCa).
Materials and Methods: Prostate tissue sample of 40 patients with primary prostate cancer was used in the study. Hence, transcriptional analysis of the CENPH gene was conducted in the total paraffin embedded prostate tissues extracted from patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. The expression analyses were obtained from the comparison of the expressions within the tumoral and non-tumoral areas in the prostate tissue of the same patient.
Results: Separate RNA isolation was performed. Subsequent qRT-PCR analyzes were repeated three times and quality controls of the Ct values were performed on the obtained data. The Ct values of the expression of the housekeeping gene GAPDH and the target gene CENPH gene were compared in tissue (tumor and normal) and technical repeat groups. There was no statistically significant difference in CENPH gene expression between tumor and normal tissue specimens in prostate cancer. Moreover, on investigating the causes of death, in none of the patients PCa related death was determined.&amp;nbsp;
Conclusion: In our study, we could not find any relationship with prostate cancer tumorogenesis in CENPH gene expression anomalies. However, some cancers (non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, etc) with high CENPH gene expression are associated with tumor aggressiveness, poor prognosis and drugresistance. More studies are needed on CENPH gene expression and its effect on prostate cancer.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>151</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>157</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01507</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>prostate cancer</keyword>
          <keyword>centromere protein h</keyword>
          <keyword>kinetochore protein</keyword>
          <keyword>centromere kinetochore</keyword>
          <keyword>centromere protein</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>İLKNUR</name>
          <surname>KARALEZLİ</surname>
          <email>karalezli@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>AYŞE</name>
          <surname>ZAMANİ</surname>
          <email>zamaniaysegul@gmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>HÜSEYİN</name>
          <surname>YILMAZ</surname>
          <email>yilmazosman@gmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>GİRAY</name>
          <surname>KARALEZLİ</surname>
          <email>karalezlig@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>YUNUS</name>
          <surname>GÖGER</surname>
          <email>dr_yegoger@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <instituteAffiliation> Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0002-4480-9093</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Çocukluk Çağı Ailevi Akdeniz Ateşi Hastalarında Isı Şok Protein 90 Alfa ve Vitamin Düzeylerindeki Değişim</title>
        <abstract>Ailevi Akdeniz ateşi (AAA) tanılı hastalarımızın atak ve remisyon d&amp;ouml;nemlerinde ısı şok protein (HSP) 90 alfa ve vitamin d&amp;uuml;zeyindeki değişimleri sağlıklı g&amp;ouml;n&amp;uuml;ll&amp;uuml;lerle kıyaslamak ve bu molek&amp;uuml;llerin AAA atağını kontrol etmede, amiloid birikimini &amp;ouml;nlemede faydasının olup olmayacağını araştırmak, ayrıca bu molek&amp;uuml;llerin AAA gen mutasyonları ile ilişkilerinin araştırılması ama&amp;ccedil;landı.

Hastalar ve Y&amp;ouml;ntem: Hastanemiz &amp;ccedil;ocuk nefrolojisi b&amp;ouml;l&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;nde AAA tanılı 6 ay-18 yıl arası 30 hastadan atak ve remisyon d&amp;ouml;nemlerinde ve 30 sağlıklı g&amp;ouml;n&amp;uuml;ll&amp;uuml;den alınan kan &amp;ouml;rneklerinde HSP 90 alfa, A vitamini, B 12 vitamini, D vitamini, E vitamini ve folik asit d&amp;uuml;zeyleri &amp;ccedil;alışıldı. Sonu&amp;ccedil;lar istatistiki olarak birbirleriyle kıyaslandı.

Bulgular: &amp;Ccedil;alışmamızda hastaların 19&amp;rsquo;u (%63,3) erkek, 11&amp;rsquo;i (%36,7) kızdı ve yaş ortalaması 11 yıldı. Hastaların atak d&amp;ouml;neminde en sık başvuru şikayeti ateşten sonra 19 (%63,3) hastada karın ağrısı idi ve sadece y&amp;uuml;ksek ateş beş (%16,7) hastada saptandı. En sık genetik mutasyon M694V 14 (%46,7) hastada varken beş (%16,7) hastada mutasyon saptanmadı. HSP 90 alfa atak grubunda en y&amp;uuml;ksek, en d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;k ise remisyon grubunda olmasına rağmen gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı. B12 vitamini gruplar arasında anlamlı d&amp;uuml;zeyde farklıydı ve en y&amp;uuml;ksek değer kontrol grubundaydı. D vitamini atak ve remisyon grupları arasında anlamlı derecede farklıydı ve en y&amp;uuml;ksek değer atak grubunda idi. Ayrıca D vitamini d&amp;uuml;zeyi erkeklerde anlamlı y&amp;uuml;ksekti. A vitamini, E vitamini ve folik asit değerleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmadı. AAA gen mutasyonlarının HSP 90 alfa ve vitamin d&amp;uuml;zeyleri &amp;uuml;zerinde etkili olmadığı saptandı.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Bulgularımız AAA&amp;#39;da serum HSP 90 alfa, D vitamini, E vitamini ve folik asit değerlerinin normal olduğunu, ancak B12 vitamini ve A vitamini d&amp;uuml;zeylerinin atak ve remisyon sırasında d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;k olduğunu g&amp;ouml;stermiştir. Ancak konuyla ilgili daha geniş serileri i&amp;ccedil;eren prospektif &amp;ccedil;alışmaların yapılması gerektiğini d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;n&amp;uuml;yoruz.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>146</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>150</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01459</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>ailevi akdeniz ateşi</keyword>
          <keyword>vitamin</keyword>
          <keyword>ısı şok protein 90 alfa</keyword>
          <keyword>mutasyon</keyword>
          <keyword>atak</keyword>
          <keyword>remisyon</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>The Changes of  Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha  and  Vitamin  Levels in Pediatric Patiens with Familial Mediterranean Fever</title>
        <abstract>Aim: It was aimed to compare with healthy volunteers the changes in heat shock protein (HSP) 90 alpha and vitamin levels during exacerbation and remission periods in our patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), to research whether these molecules will benefit in control of FMF exacerbation and prevention of amyloid accumulation, and also to investigate the relationship of these molecules with FMF gene mutations.

Patients and Methods: HSP 90 alpha, vitamin A, vitamin B 12, vitamin D, vitamin E and folic acid levels were studied in 30 patients with AAA diagnosed in our hospital&amp;#39;s pediatric nephrology department during the exacerbation and remission periods and 30 healthy volunteers. The results were compared statistically.

Results: In our series, 19 (63.3%) of the patients were male, 11 (36.7%) were female, with a mean age of 11 years. The most common presenting complaint was abdominal pain (n=19; 63.3%) after fever and only high fever was found to be present in five (16.7%) patients. The most common genetic mutation was M694V (n=14; 46.7%), whereas no mutation was detected in five (16.7%) patients. Although HSP 90 alpha was the highest in the exacerbation group and the lowest in the remission group, there was no significant difference between the groups. Vitamin B12 was significantly different between the groups and the highest value was in the control group. Vitamin D was significantly different between the exacerbation and the remission groups and the highest value was in the exacerbation group. In addition, vitamin D levels were significantly higher in boys. There was no significant difference between vitamin A, vitamin E and folic acid levels. FMF gene mutations did not affect HSP 90 alpha and vitamin levels.

Conclusion: Our findings showed that serum HSP 90 alpha, vitamin D, vitamin E and folic acid levels were normal in AAA, but vitamin B12 and vitamin A levels were low during exacerbation and remission. However, we think that prospective studies including larger series should be performed about the subject.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>146</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>150</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01459</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>familial mediterranean fever</keyword>
          <keyword>vitamin</keyword>
          <keyword>heat shock protein 90 alpha</keyword>
          <keyword>mutation</keyword>
          <keyword>exacerbation</keyword>
          <keyword>remission</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>SERKAN</name>
          <surname>KUTLU</surname>
          <email>serkankutlu@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>BÜLENT</name>
          <surname>ATAŞ</surname>
          <email>bulentatas@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>İç Hastalıkları Servisleri Dışında Yatan Hastalarda Bilinmeyen Diyabet Sıklığı ve İlişkili Faktörler: Multisipliner Kesitsel Bir Çalışma</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Yirmibirinci y&amp;uuml;zyılda pandemi haline gelen diyabet hastalığı t&amp;uuml;m branşları ilgilendirmektedir. Amacımız dahiliye dışı servislerde yatan hastalarda HbA1c bakılması ile tanı konmamış diyabet prevalansını belirlemek ve diyabet farkındalığının olmaması ile ilişkili fakt&amp;ouml;rleri değerlendirmektir.

Gere&amp;ccedil; ve Y&amp;ouml;ntemler: &amp;Ccedil;alışmaya dahiliye servisleri dışında yatan, 18 yaş ve &amp;uuml;zeri, antropometrik &amp;ouml;l&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;mleri yapılabilecek olan 630 hasta alınmıştır. Katılımcıların sosyo-demografik &amp;ouml;zellikleri, komorbiteleri kaydedilmiştir. Antorpometrik &amp;ouml;l&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;mleri, a&amp;ccedil;lık kan glukozu ve HbA1c &amp;ouml;l&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;mleri yapılmıştır. Bilinen diyabet tanısı olmayıp yatışı sırasında HbA1c değeri &amp;ge; 6,5% olanlar diyabet farkındalığı olmayanlar olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bilinen diyabeti olanlar, diyabet farkındalığı olmayanlar ve diyabeti olmayan gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar incelenmiştir. 

Bulgular: &amp;Ccedil;alışma 20.04.2017-31.12.2017 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 58,04&amp;plusmn;18,56 olup %54,6&amp;rsquo;sı (n=344) erkektir. Bilinen diyabeti olanların sayısı 190 iken (%30,2), 396 (%62,9) kişinin diyabeti yoktur, 44 (%7) hastada ise bilinmeyen diyabet saptanmıştır. Diyabeti olan 234 hastanın %18,8&amp;rsquo;i (n:44) diyabet olduğunu bilmemektedir. Diyabet farkındalığı olmayanların 45 yaşın altında&amp;nbsp; olması oranı (%11,4), bilinen diyabet grubundakilerden (%3,7) daha y&amp;uuml;ksektir (p&amp;lt;0,01); yine erkek olması oranı da daha y&amp;uuml;ksektir (%68&amp;rsquo;e karşı %47,9, p:0,15). Diyabet farkındalığı olmayanların fazla kilolu olması oranı (%56,8) bilinen diyabet (%37,9) ve diyabeti olmayanlardan (%39,1) daha y&amp;uuml;ksektir (sırasıyla p:0,36, p&amp;lt;0,01). &amp;Uuml;&amp;ccedil; grup arasında eğitim d&amp;uuml;zeyleri a&amp;ccedil;ısından farklılık saptanmamıştır. Komorbidite varlığı oranı bilinen diyabeti olanlarda (%89,5), diyabet farkındalığı olmayanlardan (%75) daha y&amp;uuml;ksektir ( p:0,01). T&amp;uuml;m diyabeti olanlar lojistik regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Erkek cinsiyet (OR:2.33), &amp;lt;45 yaş (OR:3.35), aşırı kilolu olma (OR:2.16) ve komorbidite olmaması (OR:2.83) bilinmeyen diyabet ile ilişkilidir.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Hastanede i&amp;ccedil; hastalıkları servisi dışında yatmakta olan hastaların %7&amp;rsquo;sinde tanı konmamış diyabet saptanmıştır. T&amp;uuml;m diyabetlilerin %18.8&amp;rsquo;i diyabet olduğunu bilmemektedir. Yatan hastalarda HbA1c ile diyabet taraması yapmak, &amp;ouml;zellikle &amp;lt;45yaş, erkek , fazla kilolu ve komorbiditesi olmayan hastalara &amp;ouml;zellikle dikkat etmek, bilinmeyen diyabeti saptamaya yardımcı olabilir.

Bu &amp;ccedil;alışma NCT04694326 kayıt numarasıyla Protokol Kayıt ve Sonu&amp;ccedil;ları Sistemi&amp;rsquo;ne (Clinicaltrials.gov PRS) kaydedilmiştir</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>137</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>145</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01505</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>diabetes mellitus</keyword>
          <keyword>hb a1c</keyword>
          <keyword>yatan hastalar</keyword>
          <keyword>teşhis tarama programları</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Diabetes Unawareness in Patients Hospitalized Other Than Internal Medicine Services and Related Factors: A Cross-sectional Multidisciplinary Study</title>
        <abstract>Aim: Diabetes, which has turned into a pandemic in the twenty-first century, concerns all branches of medicine. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of diabetes unawareness by checking HbA1c in patients hospitalized in clinics other than internal medicine and evaluate the factors associated with them.

Patients and Methods: The study included 630 patients hospitalized outside internal medicine services at or over the age of 18 whose anthropometric measurements could be made. The sociodemographic properties and comorbidities of the patients were recorded. Their anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c measurements were made. Those without a known diabetes diagnosis but with an HbA1c value of &amp;ge;6.5% were grouped as diabetes unaware. The differences among known diabetes, diabetes unaware and no diabetes&amp;nbsp; groups&amp;nbsp; were examined. 

Results: The study was conducted between 01.03.2017 and 31.12.2017. The mean age of the patients was 58.04&amp;plusmn;18.56, while 54.6% (n=344) were male. The number of the patients with known diabetes was 190 (30.2%), 396 (62.9%) did not have diabetes, and unknown diabetes was detected in 44 (7%). Among the 234 patients with diabetes, 18.8% (n:44) had diabetes unawareness. The rate of those under the age of 45 in the diabetes unaware group (11.4%) was higher than that in the known diabetes group (3.7%) (p&amp;lt;0.01). Again, the rate of the male sex was also higher among the same individuals (68% vs 47.9%, p:0.15). The rate of overweight in the diabetes unaware group (56.8%) was higher than those in the known diabetes (37.9%) and no diabetes (39.1%) groups (respectively, p:0.36, p&amp;lt;0.01). There was no significant difference among the three groups in terms of educational levels. The rate of comorbidity presence was higher in the known diabetics (89.5%) than the diabetes unaware group (75%) (p:0.01). All patients with diabetes were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. The male sex, age&amp;lt;45 years, being overweight and absence of a comorbidity were associated with diabetes unawareness.

Conclusion: Undiagnosed diabetes was detected in 7% of the patients. Among all diabetic patients, 18.8% had diabetes unawareness. Conducting diabetes screening with HbA1c in inpatients and paying special attention to those under 45, males, overweight patients and those without comorbidities may help detect unknown diabetes. 

This study was retrospectively registered at the Protocol Registration and Results System (Clinicaltrials.gov PRS)&amp;nbsp; with the registration number NCT04694326.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>137</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>145</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01505</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>diabetes mellitus</keyword>
          <keyword>hb a1c</keyword>
          <keyword>ınpatients</keyword>
          <keyword>diagnostic screening programs</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>MEMDUHA</name>
          <surname>BOYRAZ</surname>
          <email>memdyboyraz85@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>VEZİRKÖPRÜ DEVLET HASTANESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>MİRAÇ</name>
          <surname>KESKİNLER</surname>
          <email>miracvural@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>İSTANBUL MEDENİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>AYŞE</name>
          <surname>ERBAKAN</surname>
          <email>erbakan553@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>İSTANBUL MEDENİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>AYTEKİN</name>
          <surname>OĞUZ</surname>
          <email>aytekinoguz@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>İSTANBUL MEDENİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ELİF</name>
          <surname>YILDIRIM AYAZ</surname>
          <email>drelifyildirim@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0002-2404-8784</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Üçüncü Basamak Bir Hastanede İzlenen Brusellozis Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi</title>
        <abstract>Giriş ve Ama&amp;ccedil;

Brusellozis T&amp;uuml;rkiye&amp;rsquo;de endemik olarak g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;len aynı zamanda halk sağlığı problemi olan zoonotik bir infeksiyondur. Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada kliniğimizde takip edilen brusellozis olgularının demografik/epidemiyolojik, klinik, laboratuvar &amp;ouml;zelliklerinin, komplikasyon ve tedavilerinin değerlendirilmesi ama&amp;ccedil;lanmıştır.

Gere&amp;ccedil; ve Y&amp;ouml;ntem

&amp;nbsp;

Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada kliniğimizde 1 Ocak 2010-31 Aralık 2018&amp;nbsp; tarihleri arasında takip edilen olguların &amp;ouml;zellikleri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tanımlayıcı veriler sayı ve y&amp;uuml;zde (%) olarak belirtildi. Kategorik değişkenler ki-kare testi, sayısal değişkenler Student-T testi kullanılarak analiz edildi. 

Bulgular

Toplam 365 brusellozisli hastanın 159 (%43.56)&amp;rsquo;u kadın, 206 (%56.44)&amp;rsquo;sı erkekti. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 45.9&amp;plusmn;14.51 (18-82) idi. En sık başvuru zamanı 137 (%37.5)&amp;nbsp; ile yaz mevsimiydi. Hastalığın en sık 252 (%69) bulaş yolu hayvancılıkla uğraşma &amp;ouml;yk&amp;uuml;s&amp;uuml; olarak bulundu. Olguların 168 (%46)&amp;rsquo;i akut, 96 (%26.3)&amp;rsquo;sı subakut, 101 (%27.7)&amp;rsquo;i kronik brusellozis idi. Hastaların en sık şikayeti 302 (%82.7)&amp;nbsp; halsizlik olup akut bruselloziste daha y&amp;uuml;ksekti (0.0015). Elli &amp;uuml;&amp;ccedil; (%33.3) erkek, 114 (%55.3) kadında anemi olup kadınlarda anemi daha y&amp;uuml;ksek (p₌0.0283) &amp;nbsp;bulundu. Hastalarda %7.9 l&amp;ouml;kopeni, %16.2 l&amp;ouml;kositoz, %9.6 trombositopeni, %4.1 n&amp;ouml;tropeni, %9 n&amp;ouml;trofili, %12 lenfomonositoz saptandı. Wright aggl&amp;uuml;tinasyon testi 26 (%7.1), Brusella immuncapture agl&amp;uuml;tinasyon testi 361 hastada bakılmış olup hepsinde pozitif saptandı. Hastaların 172 (%47.1)&amp;rsquo;sinde komplikasyon gelişip en sık 58 (%15.9) spondilodiskit saptandı. Olguların 61(%31.8)&amp;rsquo;inde relaps gelişti.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;

Brusellozisin &amp;uuml;lkemizde endemik olması ve b&amp;ouml;lgemizde hayvancılığın yaygın olarak yapılması nedeniyle halsizlik, eklem ağrısı ve ateş gibi şikayetler ile başvuran hastalarda brusellozis &amp;ouml;n tanılar arasında yer almalıdır. Ayrıca hastalar n&amp;uuml;ks a&amp;ccedil;ısından takip edilmelidir.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>130</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>136</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01495</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>bruselloz</keyword>
          <keyword>epidemiyoloji</keyword>
          <keyword>klinik</keyword>
          <keyword>laboratuvar</keyword>
          <keyword>komplikasyon</keyword>
          <keyword>tedavi</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Evaluation of Brucellosis Patients Followed-up in a Tertiary Hospital</title>
        <abstract>Introduction and Objective

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection seen as an endemic in Turkey and is a public health problem at the same time. The objective of this study was to evaluate demographic/epidemiologic, clinic, laboratory features, complications and treatments in brucellosis patients followed-up in our clinic.

Material &amp;amp; Methods

In this study, features of patients followed-up between 01/01/2010 and 31/12/2018 in our clinic were retrospectively evaluated. Descriptive data were expressed as number and percentage. Categorical variables were analyzed with Chi-square test and numerical variables with Student&amp;rsquo;s t test. 

Results

Of the total of 365 brucellosis patients, 159 (43.56%) were female and 206 (56.44%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 45.9&amp;plusmn;14.51 (18-82) years. The most common time of presentation was summer season with 137 (37.5%) patients. The most common transmission route of the disease was a history of animal husbandry with 252 (69%) patients. Of all cases 168 (46%) were acute, 96 (26.3%) were subacute, and 101 (27.7%) were chronic brucellosis. The most common complaint of the patients was fatigue in 302 (82.7%) patients with being higher in acute brucellosis (p=0.0015). Anemia was found in 53 (33.3%) male and 114 (55.3%) female patients with being significantly higher in female patients (p=0.0283). Leukopenia was found in 7.9%, leukocytosis in 16.2%, thrombocytopenia in 9.6%, neutropenia in 4.1%, neutrophilia in 9% and lymphomonocytosis in 12% of the patients. Wright agglutination test was performed in 26 (7.1%) and brucella immunocapture agglutination test in 361 (98.9%) patients and all results were positive. Of all patients, 172 (47.1%) developed complications with spondylodiscitis being the most commonly found in 58 (15.9%) patients. Sixty-one (31.8%) of patients developed relapse.

Conclusion: Since brucellosis is endemic in our country, it should be considered in presumed diagnosis of patients presenting with complaints such as fatigue, articular pain and fever.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>130</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>136</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01495</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>brucellosis</keyword>
          <keyword>epidemiology</keyword>
          <keyword>clinic</keyword>
          <keyword>laboratory</keyword>
          <keyword>complication</keyword>
          <keyword>treatment</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>BAHAR</name>
          <surname>KANDEMİR</surname>
          <email>kandemir@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>İBRAHİM</name>
          <surname>ERAYMAN</surname>
          <email>eraymanibrahim@gmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>SÜMEYYE</name>
          <surname>YÜCE</surname>
          <email>yucesumeyye@gmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>RUKİYYE</name>
          <surname>BULUT</surname>
          <email>bulutrukiyye@gmail.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>GÜMÜŞHANE DEVLET HASTANESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ESMA</name>
          <surname>KEPENEK KURT</surname>
          <email>esma_kepenek@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0002-0295-1745</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Epistaksis ile Başvuran Olgularda Kanama Diyatezi Oranı ve Pediatrik Kanama Skorunun Tanıdaki Değeri</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Epistaksis &amp;ccedil;ocukluk yaş grubunda sık g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;len bir durumdur. Ancak bu şikayet ile başvuran &amp;ccedil;ocuklarda altta yatan kanama bozukluklarına tanı konulması &amp;ouml;nemlidir. Hastalarda kanama bozukluğu olup olmadığını belirlemek i&amp;ccedil;in birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde kullanılacak basit y&amp;ouml;ntemlere ihtiya&amp;ccedil; vardır.

Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmanın amacı, epistaksis ile başvuran hastaları pediatrik kanama anketi ile değerlendirmek ve semptomatik ancak başlangı&amp;ccedil; hemostatik testleri normal olan hastaların tanısal değerini belirlemektir.

Gere&amp;ccedil; ve y&amp;ouml;ntemler: &amp;Ccedil;alışma grubuna burun kanaması olan 77 &amp;ccedil;ocuk, kontrol grubuna 20 sağlıklı &amp;ccedil;ocuk dahil edildi. Değerlendirme i&amp;ccedil;in Pediatrik Kanama Anketi (PBQ) kullanıldı.

Bulgular: &amp;Ccedil;alışmamızda hastaların % 19,4&amp;#39;&amp;uuml;ne (n = 15) kanama diyatezi (vWh: 10, nadir fakt&amp;ouml;r eksikliği: 5) tanısı konuldu. Hastaların ortalama başvuru yaşı 8,99 &amp;plusmn; 3,42 (3-17)&amp;nbsp; yıldı. Otuz yedi&amp;rsquo;si (%48) kız, 40&amp;rsquo;ı erkekti. PBQ epistaksis skoru a&amp;ccedil;ısından kanama diyatezi olanlar ve olmayanlar arasında istatistiksel olarak fark yoktu, genel skor istatistiksel olarak farklı olmamakla birlikte kanama diyatezi olan grupta daha y&amp;uuml;ksekti (p&amp;gt;0,05). Kutan&amp;ouml;z kanama skoru kanama diyatezi olan grupta daha y&amp;uuml;ksekti ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p:0,004) (ED: 0,62).

&amp;nbsp;Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Bu &amp;ccedil;alışma, birinci basamak sağlık kuruluşlarına başvuran epistaksisli hastalarda pediatrik kanama anketinin kullanılabileceğini ve y&amp;uuml;ksek genel skor ve kutan&amp;ouml;z kanama skorlu hastalardan ileri araştırmalar i&amp;ccedil;in hematoloji kons&amp;uuml;ltasyonu istenmesi gerektiğini g&amp;ouml;stermiştir.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>124</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>129</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01504</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>epistaksis</keyword>
          <keyword>kanama bozukluğu</keyword>
          <keyword>kanama skoru</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>The diagnostic value of bleeding diathesis rate and pediatric bleeding score in patients presenting with epistaxis</title>
        <abstract>Objective: Epistaxis is a common condition in the childhood age group. However, it is important to diagnose the underlying bleeding disorders in children presenting with this complaint. Simple methods to be used in primary health care are needed to determine whether patients have bleeding disorders.

This study aims to evaluate patients presenting with epistaxis with the bleeding questionnaire and determine the diagnostic value of patients with symptomatic but normal hemostatic tests.

Methods: Seventy-seven children with epistaxis were included in the study group and 20 healthy children in the control group. Pediatric Bleeding Questionnaire (PBQ) was used for evaluation.

Results: In our study, 19.4% (n = 15) of the patients were diagnosed with bleeding diathesis (vWh: 10, rare factor deficiency: 5). The mean age at presentation was 8.99 &amp;plusmn; 3.42 (3-17) years. Thirty-seven (48%) were girls and 40 were boys. In terms of PBQ epistaxis score, there was no statistically significant difference between those with and without bleeding diathesis. However, the overall score was not statistically different; it was higher in the group with bleeding diathesis. The cutaneous bleeding score was higher in the group with bleeding diathesis and there was a statistically significant difference.

&amp;nbsp;Conclusions: This study showed that bleeding scores can be used in patients with epistaxis who apply to primary health care institutions and patients with high overall scores and cutaneous bleeding scores should be directed to the hematologist for further research.Keywords: Epistaxis, bleeding diathesis, bleeding score</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>124</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>129</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01504</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>epistaxis</keyword>
          <keyword>bleeding disorders</keyword>
          <keyword>bleeding score</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>GÜRSES</name>
          <surname>ŞAHİN</surname>
          <email>gursesssahin@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ŞULE</name>
          <surname>YEŞİL</surname>
          <email>suleyesil@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>BURÇAK</name>
          <surname>KURUCU BİLGİN</surname>
          <email>drburcakbilgin@gmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>EMRE</name>
          <surname>ÇAPKINOĞLU</surname>
          <email>capkinoglu@gmail.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>AZİZE</name>
          <surname>KILCI</surname>
          <email>cerenkilci@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ŞEYMA</name>
          <surname>ÜNÜVAR GÖK</surname>
          <email>drseymaunuvargok@gmail.com</email>
          <order>6</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ALİ</name>
          <surname>FETTAH</surname>
          <email>alifettah@gmail.com</email>
          <order>7</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>ERZURUM BÖLGE EĞİTİM VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>NERGİZ</name>
          <surname>ÖNER</surname>
          <email>nbattaloglu@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>8</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Ginkgo Biloba Ekstresinin (EGb-761) İzole İnsan Umbilikal Arteri Kasılma Yanıtları Üzerine Vasküler Etkileri</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Ginkgo biloba, geleneksel &amp;Ccedil;in tıbbında astım, &amp;ouml;ks&amp;uuml;r&amp;uuml;k ve en&amp;uuml;rezis gibi &amp;ccedil;eşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Standardize Ginkgo biloba ekstresi, EGb-761, hayvan &amp;ccedil;alışmalarında vazodilatasyona neden olan flavonoidler ve terpenoidler i&amp;ccedil;erir. EGb-761&amp;#39;in insandaki umbilikal dolaşım &amp;uuml;zerindeki etkileri hakkında &amp;ccedil;ok az bilgi mevcuttur. Bu in vitro &amp;ccedil;alışma, EGb-761&amp;#39;in izole insan umbilikal arter &amp;uuml;zerindeki vask&amp;uuml;ler etkilerini ve bu etkilerde nitrik oksit (NO) ve prostaglandinlerin rol&amp;uuml;n&amp;uuml; değerlendirmeyi ama&amp;ccedil;lamaktadır.

Gere&amp;ccedil;ler ve Y&amp;ouml;ntem: İzole edilmiş insan umbilikal arter şeritleri, Krebs-Henseleit sol&amp;uuml;syonu i&amp;ccedil;eren organ banyolarında asılarak, s&amp;uuml;rekli olarak %95 O2-%5 CO2 ile gazlandırıldı. Dinlenme s&amp;uuml;resinden sonra uygulanan ajanların oluşturduğu izometrik vazoaktif değişiklikler kaydedildi. Farklı doku gruplarında (n=9) şu deneysel prosed&amp;uuml;rler yapıldı; 1) K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif uygulanan EGb-761&amp;#39;in (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) umbilikal arter şeritlerinin bazal tonusu &amp;uuml;zerindeki etkisi. 2) K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif EGb-761&amp;#39;in 10-6 M 5-HT ile arter şeritlerinde oluşturulan kasılma yanıtı &amp;uuml;zerindeki gevşetici etkisi. 3) K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif EGb-761&amp;#39;in L-NAME ile ink&amp;uuml;basyon sonrası 5-HT ile arter şeritlerinde oluşturulan kasılma yanıtı &amp;uuml;zerindeki gevşetici etkisi 4) K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif EGb-761&amp;#39;in indometazin ile ink&amp;uuml;basyon sonrası 5-HT ile arter şeritlerinde oluşturulan kasılma yanıtı &amp;uuml;zerindeki gevşetici etkisi ve 5) K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif EGb-761&amp;#39;in L-NAME ve indometazin ile ink&amp;uuml;basyonu sonrası 5-HT ile arter şeritlerinde oluşturulan kasılma yanıtı &amp;uuml;zerindeki gevşetici etkisi. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde karma etki modelleri kullanıldı. p&amp;lt;0.05 anlamlı olarak kabul edildi.

Bulgular: K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif EGb-761 uygulaması (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) arter şeritlerinin bazal tonunu değiştirmedi (p&amp;gt;0.05). K&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif EGb-761 (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml), 5-HT kaynaklı kasılma cevaplarında konsantrasyona bağlı gevşeme oluşturdu (p&amp;lt;0.05). L-NAME, EGb-761&amp;#39;in (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) t&amp;uuml;m konsantrasyonlarında 5-HT kasılmaları &amp;uuml;zerinde oluşturduğu gevşeme yanıtlarını &amp;ouml;nemli &amp;ouml;l&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;de azalttı (p&amp;lt;0.05). L-NAME, EGb-761&amp;#39;in d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;k konsantrasyonlarında (50-100 &amp;micro;g/ml) oluşturduğu gevşeme yanıtlarını ise tamamen inhibe etti. İndometazin ise bu yanıtları daha y&amp;uuml;ksek EGb-761 konsantrasyonlarında (200-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) anlamlı şekilde inhibe etti (p&amp;lt;0.05). L-NAME + indometazin, t&amp;uuml;m EGb-761 konsantrasyonlarının (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) oluşturduğu yanıtlarda anlamlı şekilde inhibisyona neden oldu (p&amp;lt;0.05). Dahası, L-NAME ve indometazinin birlikte uygulanması, bu gevşeme yanıtlarında belirli EGb-761 konsantrasyonlarında tek başına L-NAME ve indometazinden daha g&amp;uuml;&amp;ccedil;l&amp;uuml; bir inhibisyon ile sonu&amp;ccedil;landı.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;: EGb-761, insan umbilikal arterinin bazal tonusunu etkilememektedir. EGb-761&amp;rsquo;in 5-HT ile &amp;ouml;nceden kasılma oluşturulan insan umbilikal arter şeritlerine k&amp;uuml;m&amp;uuml;latif olarak uygulanması anlamlı şekilde konsantrasyona bağlı gevşeme yanıtı oluşturmaktadır. NO ve prostaglandinler, bu vazodilatasyon mekanizmasında EGb-761 konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak değişen potansiyelde katkıda bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca prostaglandinler bu yanıtlarda NO ile sinerjik etki yaratmaktadır.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>158</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>165</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01496</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>egb-761</keyword>
          <keyword>ginkgo biloba</keyword>
          <keyword>nitrik oksit</keyword>
          <keyword>prostaglandin</keyword>
          <keyword>umbilikal arter</keyword>
          <keyword>vasküler etki</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Vascular Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (EGb-761) on Isolated Human Umbilical Artery Contraction Responses</title>
        <abstract>Aim: Ginkgo biloba is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various illnesses, including asthma, cough, and enuresis. Standardized Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb-761 contains flavonoids and terpenoids, which induce vasorelaxation in animal vessels. Little information is present on the effects of EGb&amp;ndash;761 on human umbilical circulation. This in vitro study assesses the vascular effects of EGb-761 on the isolated human umbilical artery and the role of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins in these effects.

Materials and methods: Isolated human umbilical artery strips were suspended in organ baths containing Krebs-Henseleit solution, continuously gassed with 95% O2-5% CO2. After a resting period, the isometric vasoactive changes to the applied agents were recorded. The following experimental procedures were conducted in different groups of strips (n=9); 1) Effect of cumulative EGb-761 (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) on the basal tonus of the artery strips. 2) The relaxant effect of cumulative EGb-761 on contraction elicited by 10-6 M 5-HT. 3) Effect of L-NAME incubation on the relaxant effect of cumulative EGb-761 on contraction elicited by 5-HT. 4) Effect of indomethacin incubation on the relaxant effect of cumulative EGb-761 on contraction elicited by 5-HT. 5) Combined effect of L-NAME and indomethacin incubation on the relaxant effect of cumulative EGb-761 on contraction elicited by 5-HT. Mixed effect models were used for Statistical analysis of the data. p&amp;lt;0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The application of cumulative EGb-761 (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) did not alter the basal tone of the artery strips (p&amp;gt;0.05). Cumulative EGb-761 (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) generated concentration-dependent relaxation in 5-HT induced contraction (p&amp;lt;0.05). L-NAME significantly reduced the relaxation responses at all concentrations of EGb-761 (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) on 5-HT induced contractions (p&amp;lt;0.05). L-NAME completely inhibited relaxation responses of low concentrations (50-100 &amp;micro;g/ml) of EGb-76. Indomethacin significantly inhibited these responses at higher concentrations of EGb-761 (200-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) (p&amp;lt;0.05). L-NAME + indomethacin resulted in significant inhibition of relaxation responses with all concentrations of EGb-761 (50-500 &amp;micro;g/ml) (p&amp;lt;0.05). In addition, the co-administration of L-NAME and indomethacin resulted in a stronger inhibition in these relaxation responses at certain concentrations of EGb-761 than L-NAME and indomethacin alone.

Conclusions: EGb-761 does not affect the basal tone of the human umbilical artery. Cumulative application of EGb-761 in human umbilical artery strips precontracted with 5-HT generates significant concentration-dependent relaxation. NO and prostaglandins are involved in the mechanism of vasodilatation with varying potentials depending on the EGb-761 concentration. Prostaglandins also create synergy with NO in these responses.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>158</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>165</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01496</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>egb-761</keyword>
          <keyword>ginkgo biloba</keyword>
          <keyword>nitric oxide</keyword>
          <keyword>prostaglandin</keyword>
          <keyword>umbilical artery</keyword>
          <keyword>vascular effect</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>ÇİĞDEM</name>
          <surname>GÖKBAŞ</surname>
          <email>gokbas@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>İPEK</name>
          <surname>DUMAN</surname>
          <email>ipekduman@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ.</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Familial Hiperkolesterolemi Tedavisinde Iki Lipoprotein Aferezi Yönteminin Karşılaştırılması</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Ailesel hiperkolesterolemi d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;k dansiteli lipoprotein kolesterol d&amp;uuml;zeyinin &amp;ouml;nemli derecede y&amp;uuml;kselmesine ve erken yaşta koroner arter hastalığı ile kalp nedenli &amp;ouml;l&amp;uuml;me yol a&amp;ccedil;an otozomal dominant kalıtımlı bir genetik hastalıktır. Bu hastalığın heterozigot ve homozigot formları vardır ve insidansları sırasıyla 1:500 ve 1:1 000 000 olarak rapor edilmiştir. Bu hastalık sıklıkla LDL resept&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml; (en sık), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), proprotein konvertaz subtilisin/cexin 9 (PCSK9) ve LDL resept&amp;ouml;r adapt&amp;ouml;r proteini (LDLRAP) gen mutasyonları nedeniyle ortaya &amp;ccedil;ıkmaktadır. Ailesel hiperkolesterolemili hastalar statin gibi lipid-d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;r&amp;uuml;c&amp;uuml; tedavilere iyi yanıt vermez ve bu nedenle lipoprotein aferezi se&amp;ccedil;kin tedavi y&amp;ouml;ntemidir.

Gere&amp;ccedil; ve Y&amp;ouml;ntemler: Homozigot ailesel hiperkolesterolemi tanısı alan 20 yaşında kadın hastada, &amp;ccedil;ift filtrasyon plazmaferez (DFPP) ve dekstran s&amp;uuml;lfat kolonu (DSC) olmak &amp;uuml;zere farklı iki lipoprotein aferez y&amp;ouml;nteminin sonu&amp;ccedil;larını karşılaştırdık. 20 seans &amp;ccedil;ift filtrasyon plazmaferez (DFPP) ve 20 seans dekstran s&amp;uuml;lfat kolonu (DSC), toplam 40 aferez seansı değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: İki y&amp;ouml;ntemin karşılaştırılmasında, y&amp;uuml;ksek dansiteli lipoprotein (YDL), l&amp;ouml;kosit, platelet, potasyum, kalsiyum, protrombin zamanı ve aktive parsiyel tromboplastin zamanı değerleri değişiklikleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Sonu&amp;ccedil; olarak, &amp;ccedil;alışmamız iki farklı y&amp;ouml;ntemin serum elektrolit değerleri, hemostaz &amp;ouml;l&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;tleri ve l&amp;ouml;kosit, trombosit sayılarına farklı etkileri olduğunu g&amp;ouml;sterdiği i&amp;ccedil;in, aferez y&amp;ouml;ntemi se&amp;ccedil;iminin hastanın klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularına g&amp;ouml;re yapılmasının daha uygun olacağını d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;nd&amp;uuml;rmektedir.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>118</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>123</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01501</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>apheresis</keyword>
          <keyword>familial hypercholesterolemia</keyword>
          <keyword>low-density lipoprotein cholesterol</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Comparison Of The Two Lipoprotein Apheresis Methods In The Treatment Of Familial Hypercholesterolemia</title>
        <abstract>Objective: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant inherited genetic disorder that causes a significant increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and leads to early coronary heart disease and cardiac mortality. Although this disease has a heterozygous (HeFH) and homozygous (HoFH) form, the incidence of HeFH is reported to be 1: 500, while HoFH is reported to be 1: 1 000 000. This disease is often caused by LDL receptor (most common), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9), and LDL receptor adaptor protein (LDLRAP) gene mutations. Patients with FH do not respond well to lipid-lowering therapies such as a statin, and so lipoprotein apheresis is the treatment of choice.

Material and Methods: We compared the results of lipoprotein apheresis in a 20-year-old female patient diagnosed with HoFH with two different methods [double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) and dextran sulfate column (DSC) methods]. 40 lipoprotein apheresis procedures including 20 sessions of DFPP and 20 sessions of DSC were evaluated. 

Results: When the two methods were compared the changes in high-density lipoprotein, white blood cells, platelets, potassium, calcium, prothrombin time (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time values were statistically significant.

Conclusions: In conclusion, our study suggests that it would be more appropriate to choose the apheresis method according to the clinical and laboratory findings of the patient since it shows that two different methods have different effects on serum electrolyte values, hemostasis criteria and leukocyte and platelet counts.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>118</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>123</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01501</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>apheresis</keyword>
          <keyword>familial hypercholesterolemia</keyword>
          <keyword>low-density lipoprotein cholesterol</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>MEHMET</name>
          <surname>KARASELEK</surname>
          <email>malikaraselek@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0003-3201-8945</ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ATAKAN</name>
          <surname>TEKİNALP</surname>
          <email>atakantekinalp@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NEU</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0001-7937-4045</ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>Sinan</name>
          <surname>DEMİRCİOĞLU</surname>
          <email>sinandemircioglumd@gmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0003-1277-5105</ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>MUSTAFA</name>
          <surname>KULAKSIZOĞLU</surname>
          <email>mkulaksizoglu@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ÖZCAN</name>
          <surname>ÇENELİ</surname>
          <email>cenelio@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NEÜ MERAM TIP FAKÜLTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0003-2541-1335</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Nörofibromatozis Tip-1 Tanısıyla Takipli Çocuk Hastalarda Kardiak Aritmi Belirteçlerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Prospektif Tek Merkez Çalısması</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmamızda ki amacımız b&amp;ouml;lgemizde takip ettiğimiz N&amp;ouml;rofibromatozis tip 1 tanılı hastaların kardiak tutulumlarının değerlendirilmesi ve diğer klinik bulgularla karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu &amp;ccedil;alışma ile kardiyak tutulumun sıklığını ve &amp;ccedil;eşitliliğini g&amp;ouml;stermek istedik

Gere&amp;ccedil; ve Y&amp;ouml;ntem:&amp;nbsp;Hatay Mustafa Kemal &amp;Uuml;niversitesi Tıp Fak&amp;uuml;ltesi &amp;Ccedil;ocuk N&amp;ouml;roloji Polikliniği&amp;rsquo;ne 01/09/2019-01/09/2020 tarihleri arasında N&amp;ouml;rofibromatozis tip 1 tanısı alan hastalar &amp;ccedil;alışmaya dahil edildi. &amp;Ccedil;alışmaya dahil edilen hastalar &amp;Ccedil;ocuk Kardioloji Uzmanı tarafından muayene edilip ekokardiografi ve elektrokardiografi &amp;ccedil;ekimleri yapıldı. Hastaların dosya kayıtlarından demografik bilgileri, muayene bulguları, beyin manyetik rezonans g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;nt&amp;uuml;leri toplandı. Elektrokardiografi ve ekokardiografi &amp;Ccedil;ocuk Kardioloji Uzmanı tarafından incelenip kayıt altına alındı.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;lar:&amp;nbsp;&amp;Ccedil;alışmaya merkezimizden 17 hasta kabul ettik. Altı hastamız (%35,3) sporadik N&amp;ouml;rofibromatozis-1 tanısı alırken 11 hastamızda (%64,7) familyal N&amp;ouml;rofibromatozis-1 mevcuttu. Hastalarımızın tamamında ciltte cafe au late lekeleri (%100), 10 tanesinde (%58,8) aksiller ve/veya inguinal &amp;ccedil;illenme 3 (6/17-%35,2) &amp;nbsp;tanesinde optik glioma ve papil &amp;ouml;demi 3 tanesinde ise lish nod&amp;uuml;l&amp;uuml; tespit ettik. Santral sinir sistemi tutulumuna baktığımızda 8 (%47) hastamızın beyin MRG&amp;rsquo;lerinde &amp;ccedil;eşitli tutulumlarla karşılaştık. Kardiyak a&amp;ccedil;ıdan yaptığımız incelemede 1 hastada QT uzunluğu, 3 hastada subendokardiyal n&amp;ouml;rofibromla uyumlu nod&amp;uuml;ler g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;n&amp;uuml;m, 3 hastada mitral yetmezlik, 1 hastada patent foramen ovale, 1 hastada atrial septal defekt, 1 hastada ise bik&amp;uuml;spit aorta vardı.

Tartışma:&amp;nbsp;&amp;Ccedil;alışmamızda literat&amp;uuml;rden farklı olarak 3 hastamızda subendokardiyal nod&amp;uuml;ler hiperekojen g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;nt&amp;uuml;&amp;nbsp; mevcuttu. Bu bulgular olduk&amp;ccedil;a nadir olmasına rağmen bizim 17 hastamızın 3&amp;rsquo;&amp;uuml;nde saptanması bu patolojinin daha sık olabileceğini d&amp;uuml;ş&amp;uuml;nd&amp;uuml;rmektedir. Ayrıca bir hastamızda uzun QT mevcuttu. Bu vakada bildiğimiz kadarıyla N&amp;ouml;rofibromatozis tip 1 ve Uzun QT sendromuna sahip ilk vakadır. Sonu&amp;ccedil; olarak; N&amp;ouml;rofibromatozis tip 1 hastalarında kardiyak tutulumun literat&amp;uuml;rde bahsedilen oranlardan daha y&amp;uuml;ksek olabilir</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>113</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>117</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01494</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>nörofibromatozis 1</keyword>
          <keyword>elektrokardiografi</keyword>
          <keyword>ekokardiografi</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Evaluation of Cardiac Arrhythmia Markers in Pediatric Patients with a Diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis Type-1: A Prospective Single Center Study</title>
        <abstract>Introduction:&amp;nbsp;Our aim is to evaluate the cardiac involvement of Neurofibromatosis type 1&amp;nbsp; patients in our region and to compare them with other clinical findings. In this study, we wanted to show the frequency and variety of cardiac involvement.

Material and Methods:&amp;nbsp;Patients diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis type 1&amp;nbsp; in Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty Pediatric Neurology Clinic between 01/09/2019 and 01/09/2020 were included in the study. The patients included in the study were examined by a Pediatric Cardiology Specialist, and echocardiography and electrocardiography were taken. Demographic information, examination findings, brain magnetic resonance images were collected from the files of the patients. Electrocardiography and echocardiography were examined and recorded by the Pediatric Cardiology Specialist.

Results:&amp;nbsp;We accepted 17 patients from our center to the study. Six patients (35.3%) were diagnosed with sporadic Neurofibromatosis type 1, while 11 patients (64.7%) had familial Neurofibromatosis type 1. All of our patients had cafe au late spots on the skin. In addition, 10 (58.8%) patients also had axillary and / or inguinal freckles. We detected optic glioma in 3 of our patients with ocular involvement, and lish nodules in 3 of them with papillary edema. When we looked at central nervous system involvement, we encountered various involvements in brain MRIs of 8 (47%) patients. In our cardiac examination, we found QT length in 1 patient&amp;rsquo;s electrocardiography. In the echocardiography we performed for the detection of cardiac structural pathologies, we detected nodular appearance compatible with subendocardial neurofibroma in 3 patients, mitral insufficiency in 3 patients, patent foramen ovale in 1 patient, atrial septal defect in 1 patient, and bicuspid aorta in 1 patient.

Discussion:&amp;nbsp;In our study, unlike the literature, subendocardial nodular hyperechogenic appearance was present in 3 patients. Although these findings are quite rare, subendocardial nodular hyperechogenic images in 3 of our 17 patients suggest that this pathology may be more common. In addition, one of our patients had a long QT. As far as we know, this is the first case of Neurofibromatosis type 1 and Long QT syndrome. In conclussion; Cardiac involvement in patients with Neurofibromatosis type 1 could more common than mentioned in the literature.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>113</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>117</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01494</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>neurofibromatosis type 1</keyword>
          <keyword>electrocardiography</keyword>
          <keyword>echocardiography</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>NUH</name>
          <surname>YILMAZ</surname>
          <email>nhyilmaz@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>HATAY MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>YILMAZ</name>
          <surname>AKBAŞ</surname>
          <email>mberf@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>HATAY MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>PSA değeri 4-10 arasında olan hastalarda prostat kanserini öngörmede serbest PSA/PSAD, (Serbest/Total PSA)/PSAD' nin tanısal değeri; tek merkezli çalışma sonuçları</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada, T&amp;uuml;rk pop&amp;uuml;lasyonunda prostat kanseri tespiti i&amp;ccedil;in (Serbest/Toplam PSA)/PSAD ve FPSA/PSAD&amp;#39; nın tanısal değerini araştırmayı ama&amp;ccedil;ladık.

Gere&amp;ccedil;-Y&amp;ouml;ntemler: Ocak 2007-Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında prostat spesifik antijen (PSA) değerleri 4-10 ng/dl arasında olan hastaların dosyaları retropesktif olarak incelendi. Veriler prostat biyopsi sonu&amp;ccedil;larına g&amp;ouml;re prostat kanseri (PCa) ve benign prostat hiperplazisi (BPH) gruplarına ayrılan hastalardan toplandı. Gruplar arasında prostat hacmi (PV), Serbest PSA (FPSA), Total PSA (TPSA), serbest-total PSA oranı (F/T), PSA Yoğunluğu (PSAD), (F/T)/PSAD ve FPSA/PSAD gibi değerler kaydedildi ve karşılaştırıldı. Bu değerlerin prostat kanserini &amp;ouml;ng&amp;ouml;rmede kullanılabilirliği incelendi. &amp;quot;Receiver Operating Characteristic Eğrisi&amp;quot; (ROC curve) ve sırasıyla duyarlılık, &amp;ouml;zg&amp;uuml;ll&amp;uuml;k ve pozitif &amp;ouml;ng&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml; değerleri (PPV) ve negatif &amp;ouml;ng&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml; değerleri (NPV) hesaplanmasında SPSS 22.0 yazılımı kullanıldı.

Bulgular: &amp;Ccedil;alışmaya toplam 327 hasta (131 PCa ve 196 BPH) dahil edildi. (F/T)/PSAD ve FPSA/PSAD&amp;#39; nin duyarlılık ve &amp;ouml;zg&amp;uuml;ll&amp;uuml;k değerleri PSAD, PSA, F/T&amp;#39;den daha iyiydi. Optimum kesme değerine bağlı olarak, (F/T)/PSAD ve FPSA/PSAD&amp;#39; nin duyarlılığı benzerdi. F/T, (F/T)/PSAD ve FPSA/PSAD&amp;#39; nin negatif &amp;ouml;ng&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml; değerleri benzerdi. Yaş, PV, FPSA/PSAD ve (F/T)/PSAD kombinasyonunu kullanan lojistik regresyon modeli, tek başına her birinden daha y&amp;uuml;ksek AUC g&amp;ouml;sterdi.

Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Nispeten yeni parametreler olan FPSA/PSAD ve (F/T)/PSAD prostat kanserini &amp;ouml;n g&amp;ouml;rmede benzer teşhis doğruluğuna sahip parametrelerdir. İncelenen bu iki parametre, &amp;nbsp;F/T ve tek başına PSAD&amp;#39; den daha y&amp;uuml;ksek duyarlılığa ve &amp;ouml;zg&amp;uuml;ll&amp;uuml;ğe sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, bu parametrelerin tanısal değerinin etkinliğini değerlendirmek i&amp;ccedil;in daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiya&amp;ccedil; vardır.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>106</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>112</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01506</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>serbest psa</keyword>
          <keyword>total psa</keyword>
          <keyword>psa yoğunluğu</keyword>
          <keyword>prostat kanseri</keyword>
          <keyword>benign prostat hiperplazisi</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>The Predictive Value of Free PSA/PSAD, (F/T)/PSAD in Detect of Prostate Cancer between PSA values 4-10 mg/dl: A single-center study results</title>
        <abstract>Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of (F/T)/PSAD and Free PSA/PSAD in PCa detection in Turkish males.

Material-Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients&amp;rsquo; files, from January 2007 to December 2017, with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values between 4-10 ng/dl was conducted. According to the prostate biopsy outcomes, data were collected from patients and divided into prostate cancer (PCa) and/or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) groups. Among the groups, prostate volume (PV), Free PSA (FPSA), Total PSA (TPSA), free-to-total PSA ratio (F/T), PSA Density (PSAD), (F/T)/PSAD, and FPSA/PSAD values were evaluated and compared. The utilization of these values in PCa detection was examined. We compared our results statistically with the ROC curve and calculated the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV values.

Results: The present study participants were 131 PCa and 196 BPH patients, 327 in total. Sensitivity and specificity values of (F/T)/PSAD and FPSA/PSAD were better than PSAD, PSA, F/T. According to the optimal cut-off value, the sensitivity of (F/T)/PSAD and FPSA/PSAD was similar. Likewise, NPV of F/T, (F/T)/PSAD, and FPSA/PSAD were also similar. The logistic regression model using a combination of age, PV, FPSA/PSAD, and (F/T)/PSAD displayed a higher AUC than each of these values per se. 

Conclusion: FPSA/PSAD and (F/T)/PSAD, the relatively new parameters, have similar predictive accuracy in PCa detection. They have higher sensitivity and specificity than F/T PSA and PSAD alone. However, more research is needed to evaluate the efficiency of predictive value of these parameters.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>106</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>112</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01506</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>free psa</keyword>
          <keyword>total psa</keyword>
          <keyword>psa density</keyword>
          <keyword>prostate cancer</keyword>
          <keyword>benign prostatic hyperplasia</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>YUNUS</name>
          <surname>GÖGER</surname>
          <email>dr_yegoger@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation> Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0002-4480-9093</ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>Mehmet</name>
          <surname>İYİSOY</surname>
          <email>siyisoy@gmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0001-5895-9984</ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>GİRAY</name>
          <surname>KARALEZLİ</surname>
          <email>karalezlig@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>MEHMET</name>
          <surname>KILINÇ</surname>
          <email>mhmkilinc@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>MEHMET</name>
          <surname>ÖZKENT</surname>
          <email>msozkent@gmail.com</email>
          <order>5</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Sarkoidozda 18f-Fdg Pet/Bt Bulguları Ve Nötrofil/Lenfosit Oranının Karşılaştırılması İle Aktif İnflamasyonun Yaygınlığının Değerlendirilmesi</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;

Sarkoidoz hastalığında tedaviye başlama kararı, klinik ve radyolojik bulgular ile takipte solunum fonksiyon testi değerlerindeki bozulmaya g&amp;ouml;re verilmekte olup, tedavi y&amp;ouml;netiminde farklı tetkiklere ihtiya&amp;ccedil; duyulmaktadır. F-18 florodeoksiglukoz (18F-FDG) pozitron emisyon tomografisi/bilgisayarlı tomografi (PET/BT) hastalığın yaygınlığı hakkında &amp;ouml;nemli bilgiler verirken; n&amp;ouml;trofil/lenfosit oranı (NLO) doku hasarına bağlı inflamasyon i&amp;ccedil;in iyi bir prognostik belirte&amp;ccedil; olarak bildirilmektedir. Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada, sarkoidozun 18F-FDG PET/BT bulguları ile NLO ve diğer klinik bulgular arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirdik.

Materyal ve Metod

Kliniğimizde, 18F-FDG PET/BT tetkiki yapıldıktan sonra sarkoidoz tanısı alan hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak tarandı. Yaş, cinsiyet, NLO, sigara &amp;ouml;yk&amp;uuml;s&amp;uuml;, semptomlar ve ekstratorasik tutulum varlığı ile 18F-FDG PET/BT bulguları karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular

&amp;Ccedil;alışmaya 41 hasta dahil edildi. NLO ile t&amp;uuml;m v&amp;uuml;cut toplam lezyon glikolizi (TLG) arasında g&amp;uuml;&amp;ccedil;l&amp;uuml;, NLO ile t&amp;uuml;m v&amp;uuml;cut metabolik aktif inflamatuar alan (MAİA) arasında orta d&amp;uuml;zeyde anlamlı korelasyon saptandı (Sırasıyla r değerleri: 0.852, 0.660; her ikisi i&amp;ccedil;inde p değeri: &amp;lt;0.001). Sadece torasik tutulumu olan hasta grubu ile ilave ekstratorasik tutulumu olan hasta grubu arasında MAİA, TLG ve NLO değerleri ile anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p değerleri sırasıyla: 0.002, 0.001 ve 0.003). Semptomlara g&amp;ouml;re yapılan sınıflamada gruplar arasında STDmaks, MAİA, TLG ve NLO değerleri ile anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Yaşlı grupta anlamlı olarak daha y&amp;uuml;ksek MAİA ve TLG medyan değerleri bulundu (sırasıyla p değerleri: 0,037 ve 0,040). Cinsiyete g&amp;ouml;re yapılan sınıflamada gruplar arasında STDmaks, MAİA, TLG ve NLO değerleri ile anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. 

Sonu&amp;ccedil;

Sarkoidozda prognostik bir g&amp;ouml;sterge olarak kabul edilen NLO ile t&amp;uuml;m v&amp;uuml;cutta hastalığın yaygınlığını g&amp;ouml;steren 18F-FDG PET/BT bulguları arasında saptadığımız yakın ilişki, tedavi y&amp;ouml;netiminde klinisyene &amp;ouml;nemli bilgiler verebilir.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>101</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>105</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01473</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>sarkoidoz; f-18 florodeoksiglukoz pozitron emisyon tomografisi/bilgisayarlı tomografi; nötrofil/lenfosit oranı; metabolik aktif inflamatuar alan; toplam lezyon glikolizi.</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Evaluatıon Of The Integrıty Of Actıve Inflammatıon By Comparıng 18f-Fdg Pet/Ct Fındıngs And Neutrophıl-Lymphocıde Rate In Sarocoıdosıs.</title>
        <abstract>Aim

The decision to start treatment in sarcoidosis is made based on clinical and radiological findings and changes in pulmonary function test findings during follow-up, and more useful tools are needed in treatment management. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron required important tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) contains important information about the extent of sarcoidosis. On the other hand, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) opens as a good prognostic marker for tissue-related inflammation. This study evaluated the relationship between the 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of sarcoidosis and NLR and other clinical findings.

Material and methods

The data of the patient who was diagnosed with sarcoidosis after 18F-FDG PET/CT examination in our clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Patients&amp;#39; age, gender, NLR values, smoking status, extrathoracic involvement and symptoms, and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings were compared.

Results

This study consisted of 41 patients. There was a strong correlation between NLR and whole body total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and moderate correlation between&amp;nbsp; MAIA and NLR (r values: 0.852, 0.660, both of them p value: &amp;lt;0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference between the groups showing only thoracic involvement and additional extrathoracic involvement with MAIA, TLG and NLR values (p values,: 0.002, 0.001 and, 0.003, respectively). In the classification made according to the symptoms of the patients, there was no significant difference between the groups with SUVmax, MAIA, TLG and NLR values. Median values were found to be significantly higher in the elderly group (p values: 0.037 and 0.040, respectively). In the classification made according to gender; there was no significant difference in both PET/CT parameters and NLR values.

Conclusion

The close relationship between the NLR value, which is accepted as a prognostic indicator in sarcoidosis, and the 18F-FDG PET / CT findings which show the involvement of the disease in the whole body, may provide the clinician with significant benefits in treatment management.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>101</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>105</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01473</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>sarcoidosis; f-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; metabolically active inflammatory area; total lesion glycolysis.</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>MUSTAFA</name>
          <surname>EROL</surname>
          <email>drerol@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>HASAN</name>
          <surname>ÖNNER</surname>
          <email>hasanonner_1988@hotmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Pediatrik Yaş Grubunda Kazanılmış Melanositik Nevusların Dermoskopik Yapıları ve Gelişimleri</title>
        <abstract>Ama&amp;ccedil;: Pediatrik yaş d&amp;ouml;nemi nevogevez i&amp;ccedil;in dinamik bir yapıya sahip olup nevus gelişimi i&amp;ccedil;in &amp;ouml;nemli ip u&amp;ccedil;larını b&amp;uuml;nyesinde barındırmaktadır. Bu &amp;ccedil;alışmada pediatrik yaş grubunda kazanılmış melanositik nevuslerin dermoskopik patern ve pigment ağ yapıları incelenerek banal ve atipik yapılı nevusların tanınmasına katkı sağlanması ama&amp;ccedil;lanmıştır.
Hastalar ve Y&amp;ouml;ntem: &amp;Ccedil;alışmaya nevogenez i&amp;ccedil;in yatkınlığı bulunmayan 150 pediatrik g&amp;ouml;n&amp;uuml;ll&amp;uuml; dahil edilmiştir. &amp;Ccedil;ocuklar 7 yaş ve altı ve 8 yaş ve &amp;uuml;st&amp;uuml; olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Muayene edilen nevuslerden g&amp;ouml;vde ve ekstremite yerleşimli nevuslerin sayı, boyut, patern ve pigment yapıları incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Nevus sayı ortalaması b&amp;uuml;y&amp;uuml;k yaş grubunda (9,72) k&amp;uuml;&amp;ccedil;&amp;uuml;k yaş grubundan (3,44) daha fazla olduğu izlendi. Her iki grupta da predominant patern yapısının globuler patern olduğu, 8 yaş ve &amp;uuml;st&amp;uuml; grubunda retik&amp;uuml;ler paterne sahip nevusların 7 yaş ve altı grubundan daha fazla olduğu izlendi (p=0,03). Her iki grupta da globuler paterne sahip nevusların g&amp;ouml;vdede, retik&amp;uuml;ler paterne sahip nevusların ekstremite de daha yoğun olduğu izlendi (p=0,001). Nevuslerin Pigment ağ yapıları incelendiğinde en sık izlenen pigment ağ yapısı uniform olmakla birlikte 8 yaş ve &amp;uuml;st&amp;uuml; grupta santral pigmentasyon değişikliği bulunan nevusların daha fazla izlendiği g&amp;ouml;r&amp;uuml;ld&amp;uuml; (p=0,001).
Sonu&amp;ccedil;: Pediatrik yaş grubunda kazanılmış melanositik nevusler sıklıkla glob&amp;uuml;ler patern ve uniform pigment ağ yapısına sahip olsa da artan yaş ile birlikte retik&amp;uuml;ler paterne ve santral pigmentasyon değişikliğine sahip nevus sayısı artmaktadır.&amp;nbsp;</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>96</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>100</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01500</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>atipik nevus</keyword>
          <keyword>dermoskopi</keyword>
          <keyword>gelişim</keyword>
          <keyword>nevus</keyword>
          <keyword>patern yapısı</keyword>
          <keyword>pigment ağ</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>The Dermoscopic Patterns and Evolution of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi in Pediatric Age Group</title>
        <abstract>Aim: Pediatric age period has a dynamic structure for nevogenesis. In this paper, it was aimed to contribute to recognition of banal and atypical nevi through examining dermoscopic pattern and pigment network structures of acquired melanocytic nevi in pediatric age group.&amp;nbsp;
Patients and Methods: One hundred and fifty pediatric volunteers who were not predisposed to nevogenesis were included in the study. Children were divided into two groups as 7 and under, and 8 and over.&amp;nbsp;
Results: It was observed that the mean number of nevus was higher in the older age group (9.72) than in the younger age group (3.44). It was observed that the predominant pattern structure was globular pattern in both groups, and nevi with reticular patter in the age group of 8 and above were more than the age group 7 and below (p = 0.03). In both groups, nevi with globular pattern were found to be denser in the trunk and nevi with reticular patter in the extremities (p = 0.001). When the pigment network structures of nevi were examined, it was observed that the most frequently observed pigment network was uniform, but nevi with central pigmentation changes were observed more frequently in the age group of 8 years and older (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Although acquired melanocytic nevi in the pediatric age group often have a globular pattern and uniform pigment network, the number of nevi with reticular pattern and central pigmentation changes increases with increasing age.&amp;nbsp;</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>96</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>100</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01500</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>atypical nevus</keyword>
          <keyword>dermoscopy</keyword>
          <keyword>evolution</keyword>
          <keyword>nevus</keyword>
          <keyword>pattern structure</keyword>
          <keyword>pigment network</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>MURAT</name>
          <surname>ÖZTAŞ</surname>
          <email>oztasdr@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>ESRA</name>
          <surname>ADIŞEN</surname>
          <email>adisendr@gmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>MEHMET</name>
          <surname>GÜRLER</surname>
          <email>gurlerdr@gmail.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>İLKAY</name>
          <surname>ÖZER</surname>
          <email>ilkay_8@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>4</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0001-6170-0930</ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
    <article>
      <type>ORIGINAL_ARTICLE</type>
      <languageVersion language="tr">
        <title>Hospital-Acquired Escherichia coli Infection including OXA- 48 Gene: Case Report</title>
        <abstract>-</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>176</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>179</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01503</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>-</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <languageVersion language="en">
        <title>Hospital-Acquired Escherichia coli Infection including OXA- 48 Gene: Case Report</title>
        <abstract>Since it is the most abundant bacteria in the flora, resistance to E. coli, especially the development of carbapenemase-producing strains, is one of the undesired situations. In our hospital, E. coli isolates with OXA-48 resistance gene were isolated from the clinical samples of two patients. That it would be beneficial to report these cases in order to report the isolation of E. coli isolates with OXA-48 resistance gene and to prevent the spread of this resistance gene in these microorganisms.</abstract>
        <publicationDate>2021-06-05</publicationDate>
        <pageFrom>176</pageFrom>
        <pageTo>179</pageTo>
        <doi>10.30733/std.2021.01503</doi>
        <keywords>
          <keyword>e.coli</keyword>
          <keyword>oxa-48</keyword>
          <keyword>karbapenemase</keyword>
        </keywords>
      </languageVersion>
      <authors>
        <author>
          <name>GÖKÇE KADER</name>
          <surname>ARSLAN</surname>
          <email>gokce.kader.arslan@gmail.com</email>
          <order>1</order>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>0000-0002-8571-0639</ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>SELİN</name>
          <surname>UĞRAKLI</surname>
          <email>dr.selinyumakci@gmail.com</email>
          <order>2</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>KONYA NECMETTİN ERBAKAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
        <author>
          <name>METİN</name>
          <surname>DOĞAN</surname>
          <email>metin_dogan42@yahoo.com</email>
          <order>3</order>
          <instituteAffiliation>N.ERBAKAN ÜN.</instituteAffiliation>
          <role>AUTHOR</role>
          <ORCID>
          </ORCID>
        </author>
      </authors>
    </article>
  </issue>
</ici-import>